Alumina Hydrate

• Al₂O₃ * 3H₂O
• A fine white powder used to make shelf primer.
• Made form bauxite by the Bayer process

• SiO₂, Al₂O₃, CaO and B₂O₃
• Glass
• See silica:

• Al₂O₃
• A crystalline refratory and abrasive.

• _NH4F2
• Contact
  • Moderately toxic.
• Ingestion
  • potentially fatal
• Inhalation
  • vapors produced in water solution are corrosive th the lungs.
  • chronic eposure can cause bone and teeth damage
• Misc.:
  • requires protective gear, ventilation, and extreme caution.

• SbO₃

• Acute ingestion/inhalation
  • diarrhea, metallic taste in mouth, pulmonary congestion, severe mouth and nose irratation, shallow breathing, vomiting.
• Chronic ingestion / inhalation
  • headache, kidney damage, liver damage, loss of appetite, nausea, sleeplessness, weight loss.
• Mics.
  • birth defects, miscarriage
  • possible human carcinogen
  • may vaporize during firing
  • can react with acid, forming toxic stibine gas.
  • avoid if possible.

• Impure hydrated magneium silicate minerals
• Contact:
  • can cause "asbestos corns"
• Ingestion:
  • possible cause of stomach cancer.
• Inhalation:
  • asbestosis (form of lung fibrosis), intestinal caner, lung cancer, mesothelioma, stomanch cancer.
• Misc.
  • fibers remain in the body

• Inhalation / ingestion:
  • heart irregularities, intestianl spasm, lung diesease (baritosis), severe muscle pain.
• Misc.:
  • eye, throat, nose, and skin irratation.

• BeO
• Contact:
  • chronic skin ulcers.
• Inhalation / ingestion:
  • berylliosis (pneumonia like disease).
  • can cause bronchogenic cancer.
• Chronic exposure:
  • damage to heart, liver, llungs, kidneys.

• See boric acid.

• H₃BO₃
• Contact:
  • slight.
• Absorption, ingestion, inhalation:
  • abdominal pain, diarrhea, skin rash, nausea, vomiting.
  • can be absorbed through burns or wounds.
• Chronic poisioning:
  • gastroenteritis, liver damage, loss of appetite, kidney damage, skin rash.

• SiO₂, B₂O₃ and Al₂O₃
• A glass with relatively higher amounts of siclica and boron than soda lime glass, and words at a higher temperature and is called a "hard" glass.
• See silica

• CdO
• Acute ingestion:
  • resembles food poisoning.
• Chronic inhalation / ingestion:
  • anemia, bone damage, gastrointestinal problems, kidney damage, liver damage, loss of smell, tooth damage.
• Misc.:
  • human carciogen, possibly can cause prostate and lung cancer.
  • fumes emitted at high temperature may be fatal.

• CaCo₂
• A fine white powder used in shelf primer and other products.
• Naturally occurring as chalk, limestone, marble and other substances.

• See silicon carbide.

• CeO₂
• A pale, yellowish white compound that can be used as a glass polish.

• CeO
• Contact:
  • slight
• Inhalation:
  • moderate
• Ingestion:
  • moderate
• Misc.:
  • toxic to animals.
  • eye contact with dust can cause damage.
  • long term inhalation can cause scarring of the lung.

• Co₂O₃
• Contact:
  • allergies, dermatitis.
• Inhalation:
  • very toxic.
• Chronic inhalation:
  • asthma, possilby fibrosis.
• Acute ingestion:
  • diarrhea, vomiting..
• Misc.:
  • possible carcinogen.

• Cu₂CO₃
• Contact:
  • allergies, irritation to eyes, skin, nose throat.
  • ulceration and perforation of nasal septum.
• Acute ingestion:
  • gastronintestinal irritation, poisioning, vomiting.
  • if vomiting doesn't happen then more serious poisoning can result.
• Chronic ingestion:
  • can cause anemia.

• Cu₂O
• Contact:
  • eye irritant.
• Inhalation:
  • irritation of upper respiratory tract.
• Ingestion:
  • moderately toxic.

• CuCl
• Contact:
  • irritation to eyes, throat, nose and skin.
  • ulceration, perforation of the nasal septum, congestion.
• Acute inhalation ( during fuming):
  • metal fume fever (resembles the flu).
• Acute ingestion:
  • gasstrointestinal irritation, vomiting.

• AuCl₃
• Chronic inhalation / ingestion:
  • anemia, damage to: liver, kidney, and nervous system.
• Misc.:
  • severe allergies.

• HF
• Contact:
  • very corrosive to the eyes, skin.
  • delayed severe burns.
• Inhalation
  • burning of lungs, chills, coughing, fever, painful breathing.and chemical pneumonia, pulmonary edema.
• Ingestion:
  • possilby fatal
• Chronic exposure:
  • kidney damage, systemic poisioning, osteoflourosis.
• Misc.:
  • HF poisioning is not imediately felt.
  • Attacks the bone marrow.
  • HF burns require removal of tissue.
  • Use bifloride paste instead.

• PbCrO₄
• Contact:
  • allergies, irritation, and skin ulcers.
• Chronic inhalation:
  • Allergies, lead posoning, lung cancer, perforation of the nasal septum, respiratory irritation.
• Ingestion:
  • Chromium poisoning: circulatory collapse, gastroenteritis, kidney damage, and muscle cramps.
  • Lead poisoning.
• Misc.:
  • Carcinogen, mutagen, teratogen.
  • Don't use.

• Inhalation / ingestion:
  • lead poisoning: anemia, affects the blood, affects the gastrointestinal tract, brain and cognitive defects, encephalopathy.
  • headaches, joint pain, liver damage, kidney damage, muscle pain, weakness of extremities.
  • miscarriage, birth defects.
• Misc.:
  • developmental toxicant, human mutagen.

• FeO
• No serious hazards.

• MnO₂
• Contact / inhalation:
  • manganism, dermatitis, repiratory tract irritation, liver damage.
  • Can cause impotence, loss of sex drive, and sterility.
• Extensive fume exposure:
  • "metal fume fever," like the flu.
• Manganism:
  • A crippling disease of the nervous system that resembles Parkinson's disease.
  • Early symptom: apathy, headache, irritability, loss of appetite, weakness.

• MoS₂
• Contact:
  • slightly irratation.
• Inhalation:
  • dust is slightly toxic.
  • fumes from exposure to heat is slightly toxic.

• NiO, NiCo₃, etc.
• Contact:
  • allergic dermatitis, eye irritation.
• Inhalation:
  • upper respiratory tract irritation, metal fume fever.
  • suspected lung and nasal carciogen.
• Acute ingestion:
  • intestinal disorders, irritation, vomiting.

• PtCl₂
• Contact:
  • can cause severe skin allergies.
• Inhalation:
  • emphysema, hay fever symptoms, lung scarring, severe asthma (platinosis).
• Misc.:
  • People with fine textured skin and light or red har are more susceptible.

• Se
• Contact:
  • allergies, eye irritation, skin burns.
• Chronic ingestion / inhalation:
  • similar to arsenic poisioning.
  • hair loss, kidney damage, liver damage, nausea, nervous disorders, odors (garlicky).
• Acute inhalation:
  • intense irritation of upper repiratory tract with bronchitis, chemical pneumonia, and possible bronchial spams.
• Misc.:
  • mutagen
  • selenium compounds when treated with acid can form the toxic gass hydrogen selenide.

• SiO₂
• Inhalation:
  • emphysema, silicosis, tuberculosis.
• Misc.:
  • the main cause of pulmonary dust disease.

• SiC (Carborundum)
• Inhalation:
  • irratant
  • slighly toxic.
• Prolonged or extreme exposure:
  • pneumoconiosus.

• AgNO₃
• Contact:
  • corrosive and irritant to eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.
• Inhalation:
  • fumes produced from high heat causes irritation.
• Ingestion:
  • coma, convulsions, severe gastroenteritis, shock, vertigo.
• Misc.:
  • very caustic.

• Na₂SiO₃
• _Waterglass
• Contact:
  • can cause alkali burns.
  • eye, skin, and respirator irritant.
• Inhalation:
  • can cause irritation.
• Ingestion:
  • slightly toxic.

• SnCl₂
• Tin Chloride
• Contact:
  • eye and skin irritant.
• Ingestion:
  • gastrointestinal tract irritant.

• SnO
• Contact / inhalation:
  • eye and nose irritant.
  • large exposure to dust or fumes for extended times can cause stannosis

• TiCl₃
• Contact:
  • Formation of HCl makes it corrosive to eyes, skin and repiratory system.
• Inhalation:
  • fumes or spray can cause pulmonary edema/chemical pneumonia.

• TiO
• No significant hazards.
  • Significant exposure to dust and fumes for extended times can cause benign pneumoconiosis

• UO₂
• Inhalation:
  • cancer, emphysema, lung, blood and nervous system damage caused mainly by radioactivity.
• Misc.:
  • Remains radioactive, even though U-235 has been removed.

• V₂O₅; V₂O₃
• Contact:
  • severe eye, skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory tract irritant.
• Ingestion:
  • heart and intestinal problems.

• VCl₄
• Contact:
  • corrosive to eyes, skin, gastrointestianl and repiratory tract.
• Inhalation and ingestion:
  • irritant, anemia, asthma, bronchitis, discoloration of tongue, loss of vision, pulmonary edema / chemical pneumonia, intestional, kidney and nervous system damage.

• Expanded Mica
•  
• Chronic inhalation:
  • asbestosis, lung cancer, mesothelioma.
• Ingestion:
  • intestinal and stomach cancer.

• ZnO
•  
• Inhalation:
  • slight irritation of repiratory tract.
  • nausea and "metal fume fever," lasting 24-36 hours.
• Ingestion:
  • gastrointestinal irratation, vomiting.
  • if no vomiting, could become more serious.